Cardiac Anesthesia
2 Blocks
Leads
Welcome Message
The Cardiac Anesthesia Module comprises two rotations over Core I and Core II. During those two rotations, it is expected that, through your exposure to a wide variety of cardiac pathologies and high-risk cardiac surgical patients, you develop the required knowledge and skills to competently manage patients with common cardiac diseases for non-cardiac surgery.
EPAs & Milestones
- Management of cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass
- Demonstrates a good knowledge of techniques for invasive vascular access and their related complications
- Demonstrates an anesthetic plan for uncomplicated elective cases, including immediate postoperative care
- Demonstrates an understanding of the physiology of the patient with cardiac disease at induction of anesthesia and weaning from bypass
- Demonstrates an understanding of the cardiopulmonary bypass machine
- Demonstrates an understanding of anesthetic considerations of coronary artery disease, valvular heart diseases and other common cardiac anomalies, including their respective relevant pharmacotherapy
- Demonstrates competency in advanced cardiovascular monitoring including: 1) placement and management of central venous and pulmonary artery catheters; 2) interpretation of arterial, central venous and pulmonary artery tracings; 3) basic interpretation of a comprehensive perioperative transesophageal echocardiography examinationÂ
- Demonstrates management of common cardiac anesthesia emergencies including re-opening for bleeding
- Demonstrates management of common complications such as massive hemorrhage, coagulopathy, protamine reaction, arrhythmias and low cardiac output
- Demonstrates perioperative management of the patient with unstable cardiovascular disease and/or the patient undergoing high-risk catheterization
- Management of cardioversion/cardiac eletrophysiology procedures
- Demonstrates management of patient for cardioversion with a stable arrhythmia
- Demonstrates perioperative management of the patient with stable cardiovascular disease for electrophysiology procedures or cardiac diagnostic tests
- Demonstrates management of a patient for cardioversion or ablation for unstable arrhythmias
- Demonstrates management of the patient with unstable cardiovascular disease for high-risk catheterization/electrophysiological procedures
- Optional enhanced expertise milestones applicable to both EPAs
- Demonstrates understanding of the physiology of adult congenital cardiac disease
- Demonstrates perioperative management for complex elective and emergency cases
- Demonstrates an ability to obtain and interpret perioperative transesophageal echocardiography images for cardiac surgery
- Demonstrates teaching and research in perioperative management of patients with cardiovascular disease or high risk cardiac catheterizations
- Demonstrates teaching and research in the management of patients undergoing cardioversion or ablation with stable or unstable arrhythmias
Academic Curriculum
Core 1
- Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiopulmonary Bypass
- Cardiac Tamponade
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Congestive Heart Failure
- Pacemaker/Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator
- Aortic Valve Stenosis
Core 2
- Aortic Valve Regurgitation
- Heart Transplant Patient
- Mitral Regurgitation
- Mitral Stenosis
- Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
- Right ventricular failure and pulmonary hypertension
Assessment Tools
- Submitted the required number of CCATs (12)
- Demonstrated evidence of self-learning
- Compliant with Resident Logbook
- Completed the MCQ pre-test (Core 2)
- Completed the MCQ post-test (Core 2)
- Documented clinical experience of required cases
- Completed 6 CardiacAnesthesiology learning cases appropriate specific to each CORE module
- Completed the self-learning questionnaire on cardiovascular monitoring (Core 2)
Resources
- Barash. Clinical Anesthesia, 7th ed. (2013)
- Chapter 10: Cardiac Anatomy and Physiology
- Chapter 38: Anesthesia for Cardiac Surgery
- Miller. Anesthesia, 8th ed. (2015)
- Chapter 45: Cardiovascular Monitoring
- Kaplan. Cardiac Anesthesia (2017)
- Chapter 14: Perioperative Echocardiography